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Archive for the ‘Hamlin Park’ Category

Today, we’re continuing our discussion about the Butlers of Buffalo.  Last post, we discussed Butler Street and Butler Place (and the Fitch Institute/Fitch Creche of Buffalo).  Today, we will discuss the third of the Butlers, Butler Avenue.  Butler Avenue is a street in the Hamlin Park neighborhood of Buffalo, running between Lonsdale Road and Humboldt Parkway.  The street is named for Edward H. Butler, the Founder and Publisher of The Buffalo News.

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Butler Avenue is shown in red on the map.

Butler Avenue was laid out in 1915 between Lonsdale and Wohlers Avenue.  The street was developed by the International Home Building Company.  International Home Building Co’s offices were on East Ferry at the corner of Wohlers.  Demand for houses on the street was so high that they decided to open it to Humboldt Parkway after just a few months.  Hamlin Park’s development was centrally located and within easy riding distance of Buffalo’s downtown.  A 1915 article states, “the development that has taken place (on Butler Ave) in the last year or two shows what it means when building operations start in a large city.”  

Buffalo’s first newspaper was the Buffalo Gazette, first published in 1811.  It was published “occasionally” and later became a weekly newspaper.  The first daily newspaper in Buffalo was the Western Star, which began publishing published daily in 1834.  Through a series of purchases and mergers over the years, the Western Star newspaper eventually evolved into the Buffalo Courier-Express in 1926.

Edward H. Butler, Senior

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Edward H Butler, Sr. Source: 20th Century Buffalo

Edward Hubert Butler was born in 1850 in LeRoy in Genesee County, New York, to Irish immigrants Dennis and Lucy Butler.  He attended public schools.  The first newspaper he worked for was the LeRoy Gazette.  He later became connected with the Scranton Times as City Editor and the Scranton Free Press as a Financial Interest Reporter.  

In 1873, just 23 years old, Mr. Butler came to Buffalo to establish The Sunday News.  This venture was regarded by many as reckless, but very quickly, Mr. Butler was able to prove that his judgment was sound.  Other Sunday newspapers had failed to take hold, but The Sunday News was successful.  In 1879, Mr. Butler established the Bradford Sunday News, published for four years before selling it to devote more time to his Buffalo newspapers. The Sunday News was published out of 200 Main Street in Downtown Buffalo.  

Founding of the Buffalo Evening News

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First Issue of the Buffalo Evening News from October 11, 1880. Source: The Buffalo News.

The first copy of the Buffalo Evening News was published by Mr. Butler on October 11, 1880.  You may notice in the picture that the first issue was actually the Section Edition.  The First Edition actually never made it to print.  It was supposed to be off the presses at 2pm.  Due to an elevator incident, the First Edition wound up on the floor, becoming “a tangled mess of handset type.”  They reset the type, and the Second Edition rattled off the presses at 4pm, starting The Buffalo Evening News’ storied history.

With the expansion of The Evening News, The News moved to temporary quarters at 214 Main Street.  The Evening News started as a four-page newspaper that cost 1 cent (about 30 cents today), less than the other daily newspapers of the time, which were 5 cents ($1.54 today).  The first-day circulation was 7,000 newspapers.  By 1882, just two years later, it had risen to 18,000 daily. The News was distributed by Buffalo’s system of horse-drawn streetcars.  The papers were loaded aboard them.  The News had a single horse-drawn, two-wheel cart for areas not reachable by streetcar.  This was the only circulation department for the first several years.  Eventually, a fleet of horse-drawn carriages replaced the streetcars for distribution.  Some of those carriages were used again during the 1940s during WWII gas rationing. 

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Buffalo News Building on Main Street around 1908. Source: A History of the City of Buffalo, Its Men and Institutions.

In 1881, The News moved to 218 Main Street, a 20-foot-wide, four-story building.  The business office (known as the counting room) was on the first floor, and the newsroom was on the second floor.  By 1885, the Buffalo Evening News ran five editions daily, which would continue for a century.  In 1896, the original 218 Main Street and the adjacent 216 Main Street were demolished for a new, larger building, which was used until 1973.  The News building at 216-218 Main Street was described as “one of the finest publishing houses in the State” when it opened in 1898.  

From the start, The Buffalo News differed from other newspapers in Buffalo and in cities other than New York City at the time.  The News sent reporters out on the streets to bring their reports to life.  It also offered something for everyone – news reports, market news, sports, prose and poetry, and advertisements.  One of Mr. Butler’s adages was to “print nothing in The News a child may not read”, to keep The News clean and help it have appeal with everyone.  It was designed to be “the People’s Newspaper” and to hold the public good above all else. 

In 1885, The Buffalo News bought the Buffalo Telegraph.  The Telegraph had been founded on October 30, 1880, just a few weeks after the Buffalo Evening News.  The Telegraph had been run by James and George Scripps and John Sweeney.  It had tried to compete with The News, but not been a financial success, so Mr. Butler took the opportunity and removed his competition.  

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Mr Butler’s Private Office at The Buffalo News, circa 1908. Source: A History of the City of Buffalo, its Men and Institutions

Under Mr. Butler’s ownership, The Buffalo News was very successful. It grew from a four-page daily newspaper into one of the most important newspapers in the country in its first 40 years.   By 1908, The Buffalo News had the largest circulation of any daily paper between New York and Chicago.  It was recognized as one of the best newspapers in the country outside of the two or three largest cities.  It was said that “his success as a journalist is due to his business capacity, his intellectual force and his habit of being in touch with people.”  He kept in touch with every department and paid attention to the operations of his paper.  When he was working on growing the newspapers’ circulation, there were times he was known to ride the train with the newspapers to ensure they made the connection to transfer for delivery of newspapers outside of Buffalo proper, personally ensuring that The News would get to people.  

The Butler Family

Edward Butler married Mary E. Barber of West Pisston in 1871.  They had four children, but only two survived – Ada Deen Butler, born May 31, 1879, and Edward H. Butler Jr, born June 19, 1883.  The other two children were likely named Clara and Ambrose.   [Note:  It was difficult to find the names of the children who died young, as they do not show up in any records I could find.  Special thanks to the staff at Forty Fort Cemetery in Pennsylvania, who took a peak into the Butler Mausoleum and found the crypts for Clara and Ambrose.  There are no dates on their crypts, but many sources mentioned that Mary Butler was buried with her babies, so I will assume that Clara and Ambrose are the two children who died.  Since there are no dates, there’s a possibility they were stillborn or died shortly after birth.]  The Butler family attended Westminster Presbyterian Church.  

In 1875, the Butlers lived at 109 Carolina Street (no longer extant).  Along with Edward and his wife Mary, his brother Ambrose Butler was also living with them while he was working as a clerk in the Canal office.  They also lived with a Domestic Servant – 19-year-old Mary Gorman, and a Housekeeper –  65-year-old Caroline Strong.  

In 1880, the Butlers lived at 377 Prospect Street (still standing).  The house had been the home of Seth Clark before the Butlers.  Along with Edward, Mary and daughter ADA, Edward’s brother Ambrose also lived in the home.  They lived with 20-year-old hosler (keeper of horses) John Collins, and 19-year-old servant Mary Schneck.  

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Image of 429 Linwood Ave as featured in Buffalo News, May 1984.

From 1890 to 1897, the Butlers lived at 429 Linwood Avenue (still standing).  This house is often called the “Lock-Butler House, as it was constructed by William Lock and then was home to the Butlers.  The house is an example of the Romanesque Style in Buffalo.  Mrs. Mary Butler died in August 1893 at the age of just 38 after an illness of three months.  She was buried in Forty Fort Cemetery in Forty Fort, Pennsylvania, in a plot near her two children who had passed away, her father, and her brother.    

In 1905, Mr. Butler lived at 522 Delaware Avenue (no longer extant).   He lived with his son Edward, daughter Ada and niece, 28-year-old Josephine Barber, a niece of the late Mrs. Mary Butler, who served as homemaker for the household.  They had four servants – 38-year-old Catherine Clark, 32-year-old Anna Peterson, 32-year-old Anna Sticht, and 29-year-old Mary Gerhardt.  Rounding out the household was 33-year-old Coachman August Gernoudt and his 32-year-old wife Nellie.  

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Butler Mansion at 672 Delaware Avenue

In 1909, Edward Butler, Jr. married Kate Maddox Robinson of Atlanta, Georgia.  Also that year, the Butler family (Edward Sr., along with Edward Jr, his new bride Kate, and sister Ada) moved into the house at 672 Delaware Avenue, often called the Butler Mansion (still standing today).  The mansion was originally built for banker and leather manufacturer George Williams.  It is a three-story, Georgian Revival-style mansion with 40 rooms.  It was designed by Mead McKim and White architects, and the two-acre property consists of a 16,000-square-foot mansion and an 8,000-square-foot carriage house.  

In 1910, Mr. Butler lived with his son Edward Jr, daughter-in-law Kate, daughter Ada, and 8 servants:  butler Herman Werne, and servants Pauline Benner,  Caroline Killins, Antoinette Burnod, Emily Schnicklart, Gertrude Beck, Agnes Gambert, and Agnes Kelly.  

Mr. Butler’s Other Involvements

Mr. Butler was very involved with enacting of grade crossing law that created the Grade Crossing Commission and served as a member of the Commission from its founding for its first 20 years.  The Commission erected numerous grade crossing structures within the City of Buffalo city limits.  

Mr. Butler was also involved in constructing the McKinley Monument in Niagara Square.  The Buffalo News was able to help secure appropriations that made the monument possible.  Mr. Butler was President of the Commission that erected the monument.  Mr. Butler worked closely on the memorial to President McKinley with George E Matthews of the Buffalo Express.   

Mr. Butler served as a member of the Board of Trustees for the State Normal School for many years and was President of the Board for the last three years of his life.  He was President of the Buffalo Daily Newspaper Publishers Association, Vice-President of the United Press, Director of the Associated Press, and President of the State Editorial Association.   He was a member of the Buffalo, Ellicott, Park and Country Clubs in Buffalo; the Lotus and Larchmont Clubs in  New York’s Clover Club in Philadelphia and the Capital City Club in Atlanta.  

According to the book 20th Century Buffalo, in 1902, Buffalo had the following newspapers:  

  • Morning Newspapers:  Buffalo Morning Express (established 1846), Buffalo Courier (established 1842), and Buffalo Review (established 1883).  
  • Evening Papers:  Buffalo Commercial (established 1835), Buffalo Evening News (established 1880), Buffalo Evening Times (established 1883), Buffalo Enquirer (established 1891), Demokkrat (German – established 1837), Freie Presse (German – established 1855), and Polak W’Amervca (Polish – established 1887).
  • Sunday Papers:  The Illustrated Buffalo Express (established 1883), Buffalo Sunday News (established 1873), Buffalo Courier (established 1885), and the Buffalo Sunday Times (established 1879).

The circulation of the Buffalo Evening News at the time was 75,000 daily.  This was much more than the daily circulation of its closest competitors – the Buffalo Courier at 55,000 daily and the Buffalo Evening Times, The Buffalo Enquirer and the Buffalo Morning Express at 30,000 daily.  By 1927, the Buffalo New daily circulation was reportedly at 150,000.  By the mid-70s, the circulation was reportedly 280,000, with 300,000 on weekends.  

The Death of Edward H. Butler

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Butler Mausoleum in Forty Fort Cemetery in PA

In 1914, Edward H. Butler died at his residence near the corner of North and Delaware.  He had been in poor health for about ten years, mainly due to diabetes.  He had recently had an operation for mastoiditis, an infection of the ear.  He did not recover well from the surgery.  His funeral was held at Westminster Presbyterian Church on Delaware Ave in Buffalo.  He was buried in a mausoleum in Forty Fort Cemetery in Forty Fort, Pennsylvania, next to his wife and the two babies who had passed away. 

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Interior of Butler Mausoleum showing Mr. Butler’s crypt.

Mr. Butler’s will gave to many charities.  It was believed that Mr. Butler left personal property valuing $25,000(about $787,000 in today’s dollars) and real estate valued at $25,000(about $787,000) or more.  He gave $60,000 (about $1.9 Million) dispersed amongst 40 charities/institutions.  [Note:  For a deep dive into Mr. Butler’s Bequests, we will discuss his will in my next post, going into each organization that received the money, the story of the charities and if they exist anymore.  Stay tuned for that!]

Outside of Buffalo, he donated to the cemetery where he and his wife are buried and to the cemetery in LeRoy where his mother and other relatives were buried.  He distributed approximately $60,000 (another $1.9 Million) to his personal friends, relatives and employees.  Every employee of The Buffalo News who had worked there for at least three years was given $100(about $3,147 today).  

Edward H. Butler, Jr.

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Sketch of Edward Butler Jr. Source: The Fourth Estate.

Following Mr. Butler’s death, son Edward H. Butler, Jr. took over as Editor of The Buffalo News. Edward Jr also inherited the house at Delaware and North Streets, all of the oil paintings, plates, china, rugs and furnishings.    Daughter Ada inherited her house at Delaware and Highland Avenue, which had recently been completed, along with $50,000 to equalize her brother’s more significant inheritance of the larger family home.  

Edward Jr also inherited six-tenths of Mr. Butler’s ownership of the buildings used and occupied by the Buffalo Evening News and the Buffalo Sunday Morning News – 216 and 218 Main Street, the press and composition rooms on Pearl Street south of Seneca Street, the building at West Seneca Street and Lower Terrace that was used as a garage for the news vehicles, and all of the real estate used for the publication of the two newspapers.  The remaining four-tenths of The Buffalo News and Sunday Morning News went to Ada.  

Edward Jr had been well-trained to take his father’s place at The News.  He joined The News after graduating from Yale in 1907.  He took business courses at Bryant & Stratton Business Institute.  He also worked various jobs in all of the newspaper’s departments.  He knew all the people and how they made the newspaper work; the Butlers felt that learning and understanding every part of the business was important.  

In 1914, Buffalo readers had a choice of six English-language daily newspapers.  In the morning – The Courier and the Express.  In the afternoon, The Buffalo News, the Buffalo Times, the Buffalo Enquirer, and the Buffalo Commercial.  

One of Edward Jr.’s first tasks when he took over the newspapers was to close The Sunday News.  The Evening News was doing well, but The Sunday News was operating at a deficit.  Edward Sr had refused to kill The Sunday News as it was his first publishing venture in Buffalo.  Edward Jr quietly killed The Sunday News at the start of 1915.  The Buffalo News Sunday edition began again 63 years later when things shifted following the Butler family’s sale of the newspaper.

Edward Jr and Kate continued to live at 672 Delaware Avenue.  They had two children – first a son, Edward H Butler III, was born in August 1915. Sadly, Edward III passed away in June 1919, just a few months before his fourth birthday, after several days of illness.  According to his obituary, he had been in poor health for the previous year, suffering from “a peculiar glandular malady that had puzzled physicians.”   Daughter Kate Robinson Butler was born in November 1921.  

In the 1920s, Edward Jr became a pioneer in presenting news via radio.  The Radio Commission authorized WBEN to go on the air on September 8, 1930.  The WBEN stands for Buffalo Evening News.  WBEN broadcast from a studio on the 18th floor of the Hotel Statler.  WBEN started broadcasting with all live, local programs, no national programs and no prerecorded music. WBEN was a part of National Broadcasting Co.’s Red Network, which became the NBC Network.  In 1936, Edward Jr bought WEBR, part of the Blue Network that would later become ABC.  WEBR developed a slogan saying that their letters stood for We Extend Buffalo’s Regards. Edward Jr sold WEBR in 1942 to the Courier-Express.  

In 1928, Mrs. Kate Butler gifted the University of Buffalo with the tower clock in Hayes Hall and the four bells accompanying it.  Mrs. Butler was a member of the Council of the University of Buffalo.  The bells and the clock were restored between 2011 and 2015 during the renovations of Hayes Hall and still operate today.  

By the 1930s, the last competing daily newspapers, Buffalo Commercial Advertiser and Buffalo Times ceased publication.  This left Buffalo with just two newspapers – The Buffalo News and the Buffalo Courier Express.  

After WWII, Edward Jr brought The News to television in Buffalo.  WBEN-TV went on the air on May 14, 1948 and for the first five years was Western New York’s only television station.  In 1954, WBEN-TV became a CBS station.  In 1977, WBEN-TV became WIVB-TV, Channel 4 in Buffalo still to this day.      

Edward Jr was involved in many of the same causes as his father.  He was the Chairman of the Board of Buffalo State Teachers College (Now Buffalo State University).  He was involved with the efforts to move the school from his Normal Ave location to its current location on Elmwood Avenue.  He also served as a Trustee of Nichols School.  Edward Jr was a Director of Buffalo Trust Company and American Savings Bank.  He was a member of the Buffalo, Saturn, University, Park, Buffalo Athletic, and Buffalo Country Clubs.

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Butler Mausoleum in Forest Lawn Cemetery.

Edward Jr died in February 1956. He is buried in the Butler Mausoleum in Forest Lawn Cemetery.   Also buried there are his son, Edward H Butler III, his wife, Mrs. Kate Butler, daughter Kate Butler Wickham and two of Kate’s husbands – Bruce Wallis and Robert Wickham.  

Ada Butler and her Family

Edward Jr.’s sister, Ada Butler, married Roscoe Mitchell in April 1910.  Mr. Butler, Senior built the house at 1114 Delaware Avenue as a wedding gift for Ada.  The house is a three-story brick mansion designed by Buffalo architect Ulysses G Orr.  

Roscoe Mitchell was a well-known Buffalo attorney.  Ada and Roscoe had a daughter, Marjorie, born in 1911, and a son, Edward Butler Mitchell, born in 1912.  Sadly, both Roscoe Mitchell and Edward Butler Mitchell died in June and July 1932 after a long period of illness.  Roscoe was 49, and Edward was just 19. 

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Rendering of Boys Club Building on Massachusetts Avenue. Source: Buffalo News, February 1955

The Butler Mitchell Boys Club was founded in the memory of Edward Butler Mitchell in 1933.  The story goes that Ada was driving around the West Side shortly after her son died and saw some young men playing in a makeshift clubhouse and she pulled up to them and talked with them. She decided to buy an old barn on Efner Street to give to the boys of the neighborhood to use.  The Butler Mitchell Club was founded to help the young men of the neighborhood, ages 16 to 24.  The group quickly grew and rented a space in a church at 254 Virginia Street by December of 1933 (this former church is where Hispanics United of Buffalo is located today).  In 1955, the Boys Club of Buffalo and the Boys Club of the Niagara Frontier joined together to erect a new building on the West Side at 370 Massachusetts Avenue, known as the Butler Mitchell Branch.  The Butler Mitchell Boys and Girls Club is still located on this site.  

After their father’s death, Edward Jr and Ada established and perpetually endowed the Edward H Butler Professorship in English Literature within the College of Arts and Science at the University of Buffalo.  This professorship was established in honor of their father and still exists today.

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Mitchell Family Plot in Forest Lawn Cemetery

Ada Butler died on April 1, 1934, in New York.  She was buried in Forest Lawn Cemetery with her husband and son.  The Mitchell family plot includes the graves of Roscoe, Edward, Ada, Marjorie and Marjorie’s husband Kent Schuyler McKinley, hence the “Mitchell McKinley” on the plot.  

Ada’s daughter Marjorie was married several times.  First to William Baird in July 1930.  Baird Point at Lake LaSalle on North Campus at UB and Baird Hall are named for the Baird family – William, his brother Cameron, and their father Frank. A street by the Peace Bridge that bisected Front Park, Baird Drive, was also named for them.  The road was removed in 2016 to restore park space to Front Park.  Marjorie and William had one daughter, Barbara Butler Baird, born in August 1931.  

Marjorie helped found the Butler-Mitchell Boys Club with her mother and served as president of the club from 1937 to 1952.  

In 1943, Marjorie Mitchell married Kent Schuyler McKinley.  As Marjorie McKinley, she financed the construction of the Edward H. Butler Auditorium in Samuel P Capen Hall [Note: this Capen Hall was located on South Campus; when North Campus opened, the Capen name moved to North Campus and Capen Hall on South Campus became Farber Hall…I am unsure if the auditorium still exists in Farber Hall – do any of my UB friends know?]

In 1950, Marjorie donated her family house on Delaware to the Episcopal Diocese of Buffalo.  The Diocese used the house as its headquarters, calling it the “Marjorie Mitchell McKinley Diocesan House,” though many called it as “The D’ House.”  The property has been the headquarters of Courier Capital since 2011.  

Marjorie and her husband Kent moved to Sarasota and founded the Sarasota News in 1954.  The Sarasota News was a daily afternoon newspaper.  Talk about a family with deep newspaper ties!  They sold the newspaper in 1962.

Also in 1962, Marjorie sold her 40% shares of The Buffalo News to her Aunt, Kate Butler. 

In 1965, Marjorie was named honorary chancellor of Florida Southern College, the first woman elected to the office.  That year, she also received an honorary doctor of fine arts degree from the college.  She was the main donor for the music building built on campus, the Marjorie M McKinley Music Building, which was named for her. 

Kent McKinley died in 1972.  Marjorie married Ted C Van Antwerp in 1973.  Marjorie passed away in November 1990.  Marjorie and Kent are buried in the Mitchell McKinley plot in Forest Lawn Cemetery.  

Mrs. Kate Butler

Mrs_Butler_August_1974Following Edward Jr’s death, his wife Kate Butler led The News.  She became President of The News in 1956.  She was known around town as “Mrs. Butler”, so I will call her that from here on out.  

The News had purchased additional properties over the years, taking over much of the area at Main and Seneca Streets.  In 1916, The News purchased a building on Pearl Street and remodeled it for use of the mailing department and for stock and file rooms.  In 1924, The News bought a building at Seneca and Pearl Streets; the four-story structure became part of The News’ press room.  In 1929, they purchased 214 Main Street and built an addition to their building.  They continued to need more space.  Mrs. Butler finished the construction of the printing plant, which her husband had begun.  The printing plant on Scott Street opened in 1958 on land that was once part of the Lehigh Valley railroad depot.  The new plant had 35 printing units arranged to operate as five giant presses.  On June 30, 1958, President Dwight D. Eisenhower pressed a button at the White House to start the first production run with the new presses. 

Mrs. Butler also became the Publisher of The News in 1971.  James Righter was publisher from 1956, when Edward Jr died, until 1971.  James Righter was married to Edward and Kate’s daughter Kate.  While the public word was that he took early retirement, reportedly, Mrs. Butler became Publisher because she fired her son-in-law when she found out he was having an affair.  

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Buffalo News Birds Eye View, April 13, 1973. Source: Buffaloah.com

Mrs. Butler also made the tough decision to move The News from 218 Main Street after 75 years to the “new” Buffalo News building at the corner of Washington and Scott Streets.  The Main Street property was going to be a part of the City’s redevelopment program to build Marine Midland Center (now Seneca One Tower).  The new office building was built next door to the printing plant on Scott Street.  One News Plaza, as the new building was known, was designed by NYC Architect Edward Durrell Stone.  The modernist building is unusual because there are no support columns in the middle of the floor plates.  The five-story building also has an atrium that houses a garden with trees and plants.  The News moved into the new building at the corner of Washington and Scott Streets.  Mrs. Butler, unfortunately, was never able to set foot into the new building, as ill health had confined her to her house. 

 Kate Butler died in 1974.  She is buried in the Butler Mausoleum in Forest Lawn Cemetery.  

The Buffalo News After Mrs. Butler’s Death

Mrs. Butler had reportedly been counseled by her attorneys to take steps to minimize the tax consequences that would occur upon her death by gifting off some of her assets, otherwise a “fire sale” would occur.  After Mrs. Butler’s death, the Butler family decided to put The News up for sale.  The newspaper, TV station and radio stations were each sold to different buyers following Mrs. Butler’s death.  The News was officially out of broadcasting at that time.  

The Butler Mansion was donated to Roswell Park Cancer Institute in 1976.  In 1979, Jeremy Jacobs purchased the mansion for use as the headquarters of Delaware North Companies (the mansion is located at Delaware and North Streets, hence the Delaware North name).  In 1991, the mansion was sold to the Variety Corporation.  In 1999, Mr. Jacobs reacquired the mansion for the UB School of Management to use the property for executive training.  In 2001, the mansion was renamed the Jacobs Executive Development Center.  In December 2022, the UB Foundation announced the mansion’s sale to Douglas Development.  

In 1977, after 97 years of being owned by the Butler family, the newspaper was purchased by Warren Buffett for $32.5 Million.  Mr. Buffett became Chairman of The News.  When Mr. Buffett purchased The News, it was an afternoon newspaper published every day except Sunday.  Afternoon newspapers were dying across the country at the time due to the rise of office work over factory jobs and TV news, which made the afternoon edition feel out-of-date at the end of the work day.  The Evening News was different than most; it still sold more than double as many copies as the Courier-Express morning edition.  But it still lacked a Sunday paper.  One of Mr. Buffett’s first decisions was to restart the Sunday edition, which began on November 13, 1977.  There had been a gentleman’s agreement between The News and the Courier-Express that The News would be evening only and the Courier-Express would be morning only.  The Courier-Express fought against the Sunday edition by persuading a local judge to issue rules designed to cripple the distribution of the Sunday News.  In 1979, an appeals court overturned the crippling rules and scolded the judge who imposed them.   Two months later, the Connors family sold the Courier-Express to a Minneapolis newspaper company.  Three years later, on September 19, 1982, the Courier-Express published its last newspaper, leaving Buffalo with just one newspaper.  

After the Courier-Express closed, The Buffalo News became a seven-day newspaper.  In 1989, Buffalo News was the 27th largest newspaper in the United States, with 1100 full-time employees, 200 employees in editorial, and a circulation of 320,000 on weekdays and 390,000 on Sundays.  In 1990, 75% of the newspapers were delivered to homes by 4900 newspaper carriers (4400 youth, 500 adult carriers).   Like so many other Western New Yorkers, I delivered newspapers in middle school. The remaining newspapers were mailed out or found at newsstands/stores.  

The evening edition was abandoned in October 2006, and what had begun as The Buffalo Evening News became a morning-only newspaper.   

In January 2020, after 42 years of being a part of Warren Buffett’s Berkshire Hathaway group, The Buffalo News was sold to Lee Enterprises, just the third owner in the entire history of The News.  Lee Enterprises had ties to Berkshire Hathaway and had managed the Berkshire Hathaway newspapers, except for The Buffalo News, since 2018.   

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Former Buffalo News building from Washington Street.  The property is now vacant and fenced off.

In 2022, The Buffalo News announced they were selling their headquarters on Scott Street, moving out of Downtown Buffalo for the first time in almost 150 years. The 175 office employees relocated to 20,000 square feet in the Larkin Exchange Building on Exchange Street in October 2022.  The print production facilities were originally going to remain on Scott Street.  

In February 2023, The Buffalo News announced they were closing the printing production facility on Scott Street and moving print operations to Cleveland, Ohio, to the Plain Dealer printing facility.  About 130 employees across 8 different unions were affected by the closure of the print operations.   The final locally printed edition came off the presses on September 30, 2023.  

In 2024, The Buffalo News announced they would no longer publish a print issue on major holidays, including New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King Jr Day, Presidents Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving and Christmas.  

The Buffalo News building was purchased by Douglas Jemal in July 2024. The sale included the office building, the adjacent production building and a parking lot across the street on Scott Street.  Douglas Jemal also owns the former HSBC Atrium building, just south of The Buffalo News properties, giving the developer control of approximately 14 acres of land in Downtown Buffalo near Canalside and the Arena – I can’t wait to see what he does with the properties!  

So the next time you drive down Butler Ave, or pass by the Former Buffalo News office or the Butler Mansion at Delaware and North, or read The Buffalo News, think of Mr. Edward H Butler and thank him for coming to Buffalo and giving us The Buffalo News and so much more.  What’s your favorite Buffalo News memory?  

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Sources:
  1. “Building is Active in Hamlin Park Now.”  Buffalo News.  November 20, 1915, p21.  
  2. “Butler Ave Just Opened New Street in Hamlin Park.”  Buffalo News.  May 15, 1915, p23.
  3. “Edward H. Butler Died Soon After Serious Operation.”  Buffalo Times.  March 10, 1914, p4.  
  4. “Will of Edward H. Butler is Filed This Afternoon”  Buffalo News.  March 18, 1914, p4.  
  5. “Edward H. Butler Jr and Kate Butler.”  Buffalo News.  November 1, 2015, p84.  
  6. “The News:  A radio and TV Pioneer.”  Buffalo News.  November 15, 2015, p92.
  7. “How the News Grew In Downtown Buffalo.”  Buffalo News.  November 22, 2015, p90. 
  8. “Buffalo’s Last Newspaper War.”  Buffalo News.  December 13, 2015, p94.   
  9. “Death of Mrs. Edward H Butler.”  Buffalo News.  August 21, 1893, p13. 
  10. “Striking Clock Being Installed at University.” Buffalo Times.  June 21, 1928.
  11. “Bennet, A Gordon.  Buffalo Newspapers Since 1870.”  Adventures in Western New York History, Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society, 1974.
  12. Hill, Richmond C.  Twentieth Century Buffalo:  an illustrated compendium of her municipal, financial, industrial, commercial and general public interests.  J.N.Matthews Co, Buffalo, 1902.  
  13. Downs, Winfield Scott.  Municipality of Buffalo:  A History, 1720-1923, Volume 1.  Lewis Historical Publishing Company, 1923.
  14. Kirchhofer, A.H.  “Romance in American Journalism.”  The Fourth Estate.  November 19, 1927.  
  15. “Jacobs Executive Development Center”.  University at Buffalo Archives.  library2.buffalo.edu/archives/campuses/detail.html?ID=118
  16. “Facts About The Buffalo News.” from The Buffalo News.  Updated 9/1990.  Found in the Newspapers Vertical File at the Central Library.  
  17. History of the City of Buffalo, It’s Men and Institutions.  Published by The Buffalo Evening News.  1908.
  18. “Obituary:  Edward H. Butler, Jr.”  Buffalo News.  June 23, 1919, p1.  
  19.  “Station WEBR Transferred; WBEN’s Status Unchanged.”  Buffalo News.  July 12, 1942, p8.  
  20.  Hsu, Charlotte.  “Journey to the Heart of the Hayes Hall Clock.”  UBNow, October 22, 2014.  buffalo.edu/ubnow/stories/2015/10/hayes_clock.html
  21. “Marjorie Van Antwerp Dies; Ex-News Executive”.  Buffalo News.  November 30, 1990, p5.  
  22. Butler Mitchell Alumni Association.  “Our History”.  bmalumni.com/history
  23.  Robinson, David.  “The Buffalo News is Being Sold to Lee Enterprises.”  Buffalo News.  January 20, 2020.
  24. Petro, Michael.  “Buffalo News Plans to Close Downtown Production Facility, Move Printing to Cleveland.”  Buffalo News.  February 20, 2023.  
  25. Glynn, Matt.  “Douglas Jemal agrees to buy Buffalo News complex to expand holdings near Canalside.”  Buffalo News.  March 19, 2024.  
  26. Ashley, Grant.  “Buffalo News no longer publishing print issue on ‘major holidays’.  WBFO.  July 6, 2024.  
  27. Light, Murray B.  From Butler to Buffett:  The Story Behind The Buffalo News.  Prometheus Books. 2011.  
  28. Sullivan, Margaret.  “Historic Change Coming for The News.”  Buffalo News.  October 1, 2006, p81.  

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Hager Street shown in red. Approximate boundary of Hager Farm shown outlined in blue/purple color.

Hager Street is a street in the Hamlin Park neighborhood of the East Side of Buffalo.  The street runs for two blocks, between Northland Avenue and East Delavan Avenue.  The street is named for early Hamlin Park resident and developer, August Hager.  Mr. Hager developed Hager Street, along with Viola Park, Pansy Place, Pleasant Place, and Daisy Place.

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August John Hager. Source: ancestry user Christine Middleton

August John Hager was born in Bliescastle, Bavaria on June 7, 1830 to John and Theresa Hager.  Mr. Hager came to Buffalo in 1849.   His first job in Buffalo was at a hotel. He worked at the hotel for a year and a half, before he became involved in the business of selling the types of fuel used in oil lamps as a door-to-door salesman.

In 1852, Mr. Hager went into the liquor sales business with Charles Gibbons as Gibbons & Hager. He worked hard and saved his money.  During the Civil War, a war tax was put on liquor.  Mr. Hager anticipated this tax coming and made a large order to have a full stock right before the tax went into effect.  Mr. Hager and Mr. Gibbons each made $20,000 ($370,300 in today’s dollars) more than they would have after the tax.  By 1865, he sold the liquor business and considered retiring at the age of 35, having raised enough money to live comfortably.  That only lasted a short while before he decided to open a small grocery store  in 1870 at the corner of Bennett Street and Batavia Street (now Broadway).  The grocery store was also very successful, so he sold that business and entered the wholesale tobacco business.  His tobacco business was located at 270 Batavia Street (now Broadway), with a large warehouse in the rear.  The business was one of the largest tobacco businesses in the City of Buffalo and dealt with all varieties of tobacco from Connecticut, New York, and Ohio.  In 1880, Mr. Hager’s business was doing approximately $50-60,000($1.5 to 1.8 Million in today’s dollars) of business annually and carried a stock value of about $15,000($443,000 today).

Mr. Hager married Mary Ann Backe on September 21, 1852, at St. Mary’s Church on Broadway.  They had nine children:  John Baptiste, Mary Ann , Otillie, Charles August, Jacob, Frank, Edward August, August John, and Rose.

Mr. Hager served as Alderman of the old Fifth Ward from 1865-1868.  At the time, the Fifth Ward was bounded by Broadway and Eagle Streets, between Michigan Avenue and approximately Fillmore Avenue.  While Mr. Hager was Alderman, one of the issues for the entire country was how to deal with the Civil Rights Amendment passed after the Civil War.  A Black man named Henry Moxley petitioned Buffalo’s Committee on Schools, requesting that his children attend Public School 32.  At the time, the City Charter prohibited the admission of Black children to the Public Schools, but required the City to provide one or more free schools for Black children.  The Common Council was upholding the fact that the Black children could not attend the Public Schools, only the schools provided expressly for them.  There was only one school for Black children, while there were Black children living throughout the school district, so it was difficult for many of the children to travel from their homes to the Black school.  During the discussion about this at the  Common Council meeting, Alderman Hager pointed out that the Civil Rights Bill gave Black children equal rights with white children and questioned if the Common Council of Buffalo or the City Charter was superior to the laws of Congress.  Alderman Hager put forth a resolution that “the superintendent is hereby directed to admit the children of Henry Moxley, a colored citizen and taxpayer, to Public School No 32, and to admit all colored children to the respective public schools in the boundaries of which school districts their parents reside”  The resolution was referred to the Committee on Schools, giving the Committee the power to make recommendations on admittance of Black children.  The Committee refused to put forth a recommendation for three months, stalling in hopes it would be forgotten.  This led to parents across the city, led by Henry Moxley, to withdraw their children from the Black School and send them to District schools beginning on September 1, 1867.  Eighteen Black children entered the district schools.  On September 16th, the Committee on Schools recommended denial of admission for the Black students in district schools.  On September 24th, Superintendent Fosdick (Father of the Fosdick of Fosdick Street) inspected the Black school, determined it to be sufficient and began physically expelling the Black students from the schools.  Althia Dallas, at age 13, insisted on remaining and claimed she had the same right to attend as white kids.  According to Fosdick, he then “took hold of her and led her out of the school”.  Go Althia for standing up to the superintendent!  On October 11, 1867, Fosdick was charged with assault and battery for forcibly ejecting the children from the school in violation of the Civil Rights Act.  On January 10, 1868 the case of Althia Dallas against John S. Fosdick came to trial before State Supreme Court Justice Charles Daniels.  Daniels ruled in favor of Fosdick.  The case was appealed on May 4, 1868.  The judges reaffirmed the earlier judgement.  Buffalo’s Blacks had not yet succeeded in integrating the schools.  After the passage of the 15th Amendment in 1872, Superintendent Thomas Lothrope worked towards integrated schools.  While Mr. Hager was no longer an Alderman, Common Council once again took up the issue and Black children were given the right to attend the District Schools.  By 1880, there were 75 Black children attending 16 different Buffalo Public Schools and only 35 students at the Black School, so the Black School was closed.

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Hager House on East Delavan.  Source:  Ancestry User Christine Middleton

In 1874, Mr. Hager purchased a farm on East Delavan approximately 30 acres in size, near what was then the outskirts of Buffalo.  At the time, East Delavan was still a mud road.  He built a large 3-story, ten room house.  The house was on property bounded by Delavan, Florida, Pleasant Place and Hager Street.  Their property also included a large barn, green house, hennery and fish pond.  The property was surrounded by large shade trees along with cherry, apple and pear trees.  The house stood about 200 feet back from Delavan, with a landscaped lawn and groves of evergreens and willow trees.  The property sloped to the rear to a small pond fed by natural springs and surrounded by old elm trees.  The property was known as Elmwood Park and was sometimes referred to as Hager Park.

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The rear of the Hager Park Property and Pond in 1906. Source: Buffalo Times, February 11, 1906.

He used his business savvy to develop the property around his house and gave houses and land to each of his children as they married.  Mr. Hager formed a land company which developed Viola Park, Daisy Place, Pansy Place, and Pleasant Place.  Pansy, Viola, and Daisy were named after some of Mr. Hager’s favorite flowers.

He was appointed Parks Commissioner in April 1898, a post that he served until his death.  Mr. Hager was described as “an honest, fearless and efficient representative of the public” in his municipal offices.   He was a strong advocate for the improvements of the park system in Buffalo.  Mr. Hager was very interested in flowers, and had a large greenhouse at his home so he could have flowers all winter long.  He took a great interest in helping to select flowers and trees for the parks during his time as Commissioner.

Mr. Hager served as director of the Roman Catholic Cemetery Association at Pine Hill and was one of the first directors of the German Roman Catholic Orphan Asylum.  He was also a member of St. Vincent’s Church (now the Montante Center at Canisius College) and a member of the Catholic Mutual Benefit Association (C.M.B.A.)  He was immensely proud of his American Citizenship.  His brother, Edward, returned home to Germany each summer, but August never returned to his homeland.

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August Hager’s grave in Cheektowaga

August Hager died on November 14, 1901. He is buried in Pine Hill Cemetery (the United German and French Cemetery, now part of the Mount Calvary group of cemeteries) in Cheektowaga.  After August’s death, the property on Delavan was listed for sale.   August’s wife Mary died a year later in December 1902.

The house was still listed for sale in September 1903.  The children were looking to sell the house to close out their parents estate.  In 1905, J.P. Staderman, husband of the youngest Hager daughter Rose, was using the home as “Home for Pets”.  Mr. Staderman was working with the Humane Society to board animals while their owners went away for summer vacations.  Boarding a cat cost $2/month ($67/month in today’s dollars) or 75 cents a week($25.15 today).  Boarding for dogs varied according to the size of the animals.  They also boarded canaries.  The Home for Pets only lasted one summer.

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Lutheran Church Home’s Original Location on Walden Avenue. Source: Buffalo Courier, June 1896.

In February 1906, the Hager Homestead was sold to the Lutheran Church Home for the Aged and Infirm for $13,000($435,985 in today’s dollars).  The Lutheran Church Home was founded in 1896 to provide care for seniors, particularly for those from German, Swedish, and English Lutherans in the City.  Eleven churches – St. Johns, German Trinity, First Church, Lancaster, Holy Trinity, Christ’s, Swedish Trinity, Concordia, Church of the Atonement, German Church of the Redeemer and English Church of the Redeemer – came together to form the Church Home charity.  The Lutheran Church Home’s first location was in a rented home at 390 Walden Avenue near Goodyear Street.  Within a year, the Home had outgrown it’s space and expanded to 388 Walden Avenue as well.  The two houses were connected by a second floor hallway.

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Hager Home on East Delavan. Source: Buffalo Times, February 11, 1906.

In 1906, the Lutheran Church Home purchased the Hager House from the heirs and moved their 25 residents into the Hager family house.  The Lutheran Church Home celebrated their 10th anniversary in Hager Park in June 1906.  The large grounds allowed the property to be used by the Lutheran community for events, particularly fundraising days for the Church Home and large open houses were the public was invited to come visit the Church Home and meet residents and enjoy the property.

A large building to allow them to provide accommodations for an additional 60 residents was constructed along East Delevan in front of the Hager house.  The new building was connected to the Hager House and opened in December 1907.  The Hager House was demolished in the 1950 when an addition was placed on the rear of the Lutheran Church Home Building.

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Lutheran Church Home Postcard, circa 1905

In 1956, the rear portion of the Hager Park property became the location of the Niagara Lutheran Home.  The property was donated by the Lutheran Church Home to the Niagara Lutheran Home.  Niagara Lutheran Home was organized by 59 Lutheran churches in Western New York and provided housing for 99 individuals needing critical care.  In today’s terms – the Lutheran Church Home was an assisted living facility, whereas the Niagara Lutheran Home provided skilled nursing and rehab.  When Niagara Lutheran Home opened in May 1956, it was the first nursing home of its kind in New York State.  It was also the first institution in the United States outside of hospitals in which nurse’s aides and Gray Ladies would serve. Gray Ladies were American Red Cross volunteers who provided friendly, personal, non-medical services to sick, injured and disabled patients.  The facility was not limited to Lutherans, members from all Protestant faiths were admitted.

In the 1990s, Niagara Lutheran Home expanded and added a facility at 1040 Delaware Avenue in addition to their site on Hager Street.  In 1996, the Niagara Lutheran Health System was incorporated and 52 acre of land on Broadway in Lancaster was purchased to become the location of Greenfields Continuing Care Community.  In 1998, the 120 residents of the Niagara Lutheran Home on Delaware Avenue moved to the Lancaster site and the Delaware Ave Home was closed.  In 2001, 92 residential apartments at Greenfield Manor and 49 assisted living apartments at Greenfield Court were opened in Lancaster.  In 2006 the Greenfield Outpatient Rehabilitation Clinic was dedicated in Lancaster.

In 2006, the Lutheran Church Home became a part of the Niagara Lutheran Health System.  In 2013, after 107 years on East Delavan, the residents of the Lutheran Church Home moved to Greenfield Terrace in Lancaster.   When the Lutheran Church Home building closed, the complex included 65 resident rooms, a full commercial kitchen that had been remodeled in the 1990s, a 75-seat dining area, a social hall, a library, a chapel, three elevators, a detached two-level masonry garage and parking for more than 35 vehicles.  In 2014, the Lutheran Church Home sold the property at 217 and 227 East Delevan to 217 Group LLC (an entity of Ellicott Development Company) for $450,000.

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Modern view of 217 Delavan Ave.  Photo by Author

The former Lutheran Church Home building became home to the Community Music School of Buffalo in 2019.  The Community Music School was founded in 1924 and serves more than 500 students each year!  Their mission is to share the gift of music with the diverse communities of WNY and make it affordable for families of all incomes.  Community Music School shares the building with CCNY Inc, PIE Analytics, and Lakeshore Connections.

In 2015, the corporate offices of the Niagara Lutheran Health System moved from 64 Hager Street to a new office building at Greenfields.  The Niagara Lutheran Home was sold at the end of 2015 and the 164 residents were moved to Greenfields, consolidating the care to one site in Lancaster, consolidating the Niagara Lutheran Health system out in Lancaster. The former Niagara Lutheran Home facility on Hager Street operates under new ownership as Humboldt House, a skilled nursing facility.

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Soldiers and Sailors Monument. Designed by Charles Hager.  Photo by Author.

Some of the other members of the Hager family also accomplished some important things in Buffalo.  August Hager’s son Charles Hager owned a contracting company which built the J.N. Adam Memorial Hospital in Perrysburg, many of the grain elevators along the waterfront and the Soldiers and Sailors Monument in Lafayette Square.  August’s son Jacob Hager was a city plumbing inspector.  August’s son Edward August Hager was a dairy farmer.  He had 20 cows on his property on Delavan Avenue.  At the time, the Hager farm part of the city was quickly developing, and as houses came closer to the pasture, Edward A. Hager gave up his cows.  He then was involved with the city parks and streets departments managing the hundreds of city-owned horses.

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EM Hager & Sons Planing Mill Building on Elm Street

You may have also heard about the Hager family due to the EM Hager & Sons Company.  August Hager’s brothers Edward M. Hager came to America and lived with August when he ran the grocery store.  Edward worked at the store for awhile, then went to Newark N.J. to learn the carpentry trade.  When he returned to Buffalo, he established the EM Hager & Sons Company in 1868 on Mortimer Street.  The company built many of Buffalo’s early factories, grain elevators and other buildings.  E.M. Hager and Sons moved to 141 Elm Street in 1883.  The company was in operation until the 1980s.  The Elm Street building has recently been renovated and is know referred to as the Planing Mill.  It is a mixed used development with apartments and office space.

Want to learn about other streets? Check out the Street Index. Don’t forget to subscribe to the page to be notified when new posts are made. You can do so by entering your email address in the box on the upper right-hand side of the home page. You can also follow the blog on facebook. If you enjoy the blog, please be sure to share it with your friends.  Interested in getting even more content from me?  You can become a Friend of Buffalo Streets on patreon.   You can go to https://www.patreon.com/buffalostreets/

Sources:

  • “August Hager”  Memorial and Family History of Erie County, New York.  The Genealogical Publishing Company, Buffalo:  1906.
  • Smith, H. Katherine. “Hager Street is Memorial To Former Chief of City Parks”.  Buffalo Courier Express Sept 22, 1940. Sec5, p6.
  • “August Hager, Leaf Tobacco”.  Commerce, Manufactures and Resources of Buffalo and its Environs.  Commercial Publishing Company; Madison, Wisconsin:  1880.
  • “August Hager Appointed Park Commissioner by Mayor Diehl”.  Buffalo Times.  April 30, 1898, p8.
  • “Houses for Sale”.  Buffalo News.  July 5, 1902, p8.
  • “Houses for Sale”.  Buffalo News.  September 15, 1903, p10.
  • “Home for Pets for the Summer”.  Buffalo Commercial.  July 20, 1905,  p13.
  • “A Noble Lutheran Charity”.  Buffalo Commercial.  April 8, 1896, p11.
  • “Hager Homestead Has Been Sold”.  Buffalo Commercial.  February 3, 1906, p12.
  • “New Lutheran Church Home:  Pretty Site for Old Folk”.  Buffalo Morning Express. February 3, 1906.
  • “To Build a Home for Old People.”  Buffalo Morning Express. February 11, 1906, p10.
  • “Dedication of Lutheran Church Home for the Aged”.  Buffalo News.  November 30, 1907, p4.
  • “Ellicott pays $450,000 for Lutheran Church Home”.  Buffalo News.  August 8, 2014, p38.
  • “Lutheran Home is Dedicated as Symbol of Faith”.  Buffalo News.  May 8, 1956, p21.
  • Watson, Stephen T.  “Lutheran Health Selling Facility”.  Buffalo News.  September 11, 2014, p39.
  • White, Arthur O.  “The Black Movement Against Jim Crow Education in Buffalo, New York”.  Phylon, Vol 3, No4.  pp. 375-393.  (accessed via https://sci-hub.ru/10.2307/274041)

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Hamlin Road shown in Red. The former Hamlin Driving Park outlined in Light Blue

Hamlin Road runs between Lonsdale Road and Humboldt Parkway in the Hamlin Park neighborhood of the East Side of Buffalo. The street opened in the early 1920s, running through what used to be the grounds of the Hamlin Driving Park.  The street and neighborhood are named after the Hamlin Family, a prominent family in Buffalo and East Aurora.

cicero hamlinOn November 7, 1819, Cicero Hamlin was born in Hillsdale in Columbia County, New York. His parents were Reverend Jabez and Esther Stow Hamlin. Cicero Hamlin would say that he started his life as a poor child and that his only heritage was “being of sound health and good digestion.” Cicero was the youngest of a family of ten. Cicero came to East Aurora in 1836 and purchased the general store operated by his brother John W. Hamlin. The store was located on Main Street near what is now Hamlin Avenue in East Aurora.

In 1846, Cicero Hamlin moved to Buffalo, where he entered the dry goods business in the firm Wattles and Hamlin at 252 Main Street. Mr. Wattles left the business in 1847, and Mr. Hamlin continued the business alone until 1852. Then, he joined the firm of Mendsen & Company, a wholesale-retail carpet and house furnishing business. The firm was reorganized as Hamlin & Mendsen. In the 1860s, Mr. Hamlin Built the Hamlin Block on Main Street.  He remained in business there until 1871.  In February 1888, the Hamlin Block was destroyed by a fire. A new Hamlin Black was constructed in its place by the end of 1888.

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Cicero Hamlin breaking the world’s team’s record.   Source: Buffalo History Gazette

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Gravestone for Mambrino King, East Aurora. Photo By Stacy Grinsfelder, True Tales from Old Houses

In addition to his real estate interests, in May 1855, Cicero Hamlin established Village Farm in East Aurora. The farm began as 55 acres and expanded to 600 acres by the 1890s. The farm had the reputation of some of America’s best trotting horses. The farm was located at the west end of the Village, fronting on the north side of Main Street. His first horses were Little Belle, Mag Addison, and Hamlin Patchem. At its peak, the Village Farm stabled 748 horses. In 1882, Mr. Hamlin purchased “Mambrino King” for $17,000. The horse was judged the most handsome horse in the world. Many people traveled to East Aurora to visit Mambrino King. In one day, Mambrino King was taken out of his stall to be shown to visitors more than 170 times! Mambrino King was put down on December 5, 1899. He is buried in front of a house on North Willow Street, and the grave marker can be seen from the sidewalk.

The Hamlin farm closed in January 1905. The horse line continued at the Ideal Stock Farm, founded in 1905 by Seymour Knox. Cicero Hamlin donated land to the Village of East Aurora to create Hamlin Park. Hamlin Avenue in East Aurora runs through the property that was once the farm.

Before 1873, there were several attempts to manufacture glucose in the United States, but with little success. Cicero Hamlin developed a process that helped form an entire industry; he founded Buffalo Grape Sugar Company in 1874. Buffalo Grape Sugar Company merged with the American Glucose Company in 1888. The works of the American Glucose Company in Buffalo were the largest in the world. Their brands were well known both in domestic and international markets. The Buffalo plant employed 500 men and processed 10,000 bushels of corn per day to create glucose, syrups, grape sugar, and animal food products. American Glucose Company also had factories in Peoria, Illinois; Leavenworth, Kansas; Iowa City, Iowa; and Tippecanoe City, Ohio. Their headquarters were located at 19-23 West Swan Street in Buffalo.

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Hamlin Driving Park in 1870. Source: Buffalo News

What became the Hamlin Park Neighborhood in Buffalo was still a rural area in 1868 when Cicero Hamlin established his Driving Park at the corner of East Ferry and Humboldt Parkway. The Driving Park was included in Frederick Law Olmsted’s parks plan for Buffalo. The Driving Park quickly became popular and gained international fame. It had a one-half-mile speedway for trotting and pacing races and training stable for 75 horses. Horse-riding was a gentleman’s sport. Many of Buffalo’s important businessmen were officers of the Buffalo Driving Park Association – Chandler J. Wells, Cicero Hamlin, E.R. Buck, J.H. Metcalfe, Myram P Busch, George Gates, Joseph G. Masten, R.L Howard, and Jewett Richmond. Race days were an important occasion in Buffalo. There was a festive atmosphere, many stores declared them holidays, and the trolley offered half-fare travel to the Driving Park. The Belt Line Railroad opening in 1883 eased access to the track, with a station at Fillmore Avenue near Northland. People traveled from across the country to view the races and to race here. There were railroad car sidings to allow for Pullman cars, day coaches, and special freight cars for the horses.

In 1869, Frederick Law Olmsted looked to integrate the Driving Park into his Parks Plan. Mr. Olmsted looked to put an expanded parkway near the entrance of the race course with a circular or elliptical form for a spot to put a fountain, statue, or other monument. This didn’t happen. The Driving Park grew crowds of up to 40,000 people for special events. After the races, many people would go to the nearby Parade House at The Parade park (aka Humboldt Park, now MLK Park).

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1895 Map of Buffalo showing the location of the Driving Park/Fairgrounds. Humboldt Parkway is shown in green to the east of the Driving Park site. The Driving Park Station can be shown at the corner of Fillmore and Northland. Source: Rand, McNally & Co Map of Buffalo.

In 1888, Hamlin sold the Driving Park to a group of 120 stockholders who were looking to start up an International Industrial and Agricultural Exposition in Buffalo at Hamlin Park. The largest investor was Cicero Hamlin himself. They planned to create a permanent fairgrounds, similar to the one in St. Louis. He felt Buffalo was a good location between New York and Chicago for fairs. Other stockholders included – Philip Becker, Jacob Schoellkopf, JJ Albright, Daniel N. Lockwood, D.E. Morgan, George Urban Jr, and Jewett Richmond. They constructed several exhibition buildings, including the largest fair building in the world. The Fair opened on September 4, 1888 to great fanfare. However, long-term attendance did not come. The fair lost money and closed within five years. Public transportation made it hard to get to the Fair. A horsecar up Main Street took about an hour from the downtown railroad depots. Passengers actually had to get out and help push the cars up the Main Street hill from North to Virginia Street!

Trolley service finally came to the Park in 1892.  That year, Mr. Hamlin put $25,000 into the Driving Park. He built a new grandstand modeled after the one in Monmouth Park, New Jersey. In addition, Mr. Hamlin offered free admission for that year for those who would take standing room admission. He felt this was a way to increase interest in the Park and allow “regular” folks to come, in addition to the upper class.

In 1895, a grandstand stairway collapsed, and 20 people were injured. In 1896, a fire swept through the grounds and destroyed the buildings, ending the horse races. In January 1898, Mr. Hamlin announced he would divide the Driving Park grounds into residential lots.  Thus began the development of the Hamlin Park Neighborhood.

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Hamlin House on Franklin Street. Source: Hamlin House Restaurant

Cicero Hamlin married Susan Jane Ford in September 1842. They had three sons – Frank, William and Harry, and two daughters – Anna and Kate. Sadly, Anna died as a newborn and Kate passed at age 3. The Hamlin Family lived in a house they built at 432 Franklin Street. The Hamlin property consisted of the entire corner of Franklin and Edward Street, where 420, 426, 436 and 440 Franklin now stand. The house is a two-story Italian villa, and is still standing today.  Cicero and Susan moved to 1035 Delaware Ave and sold the property in the 1890s.

The Buffalo Orpheus (a German singing society) used the 432 Franklin Street house as its headquarters starting in 1915. In 1920, the American Legion purchased the Hamlin House, and the house is still the clubhouse for Troop 1 Post 665 of the American Legion. Additions were added to the right side of the building and a gym was added to the rear of the building in 1940. The rear portion of the building has been used as the Legion’s auditorium but used to be the family’s stable.  (Note from Angela:  If you’re looking for a good fish fry – Hamlin House is a great place!)

Cicero Hamlin died February 20, 1905, just three weeks after the sale of Village Farm.  He was considered to be one of Buffalo’s oldest and wealthiest citizens when he died.  He is buried in the Hamlin family plot in Forest Lawn Cemetery.  Cicero’s son Harry Hamlin was born in Buffalo on July 17, 1855. Harry worked with his father in the Village Farm and in the American Glucose Company. Harry married Grace Enos in 1878. Harry and Grace lived on North Pearl Street. Harry was killed in an automobile accident on June 3, 1907 at age 52.

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Chauncey J. Hamlin

Grace and Harry had a son named Chauncey Jerome Hamlin, born January 11, 1881. Chauncey attended Miss Hoffman’s School, Heathcote School and Nichols School. Graduating from  Yale in 1903 and from Buffalo Law School in 1905, he was admitted to the bar in February 1909.  Chauncey Hamlin helped to launch the Buffalo Legal Aid Bureau. After serving in WWI, he gave up his active law practice in 1919 to serve the community.

Chauncey married Emily Gray in 1904. The Hamlins lived on West Ferry Street between Delaware and Elmwood Avenues. They had three children – Martha, Mary and Chauncey, Jr.  In 1910, they purchased an estate in Snyder.  The John Schenck House and moved to Snyder.  This estate included the John Schenck House, is a small stone house built in the 1830s on Harlem Road near Main Street.  Between the 1890s and the time the Hamlins purchased it, the house had ceased to be residential.  It was used as oat storage by the farmers who lived on the land.  The house reportedly has a slant due to the weight of the oats.

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Stone House on Harlem Road, Snyder. Source: NYSHPO

The Hamlin Estate included the Schenck House, the main large mansion house (where the family lived), and two other frame houses. They set up a small museum in the old stone house to display the fossils and other natural objects found in the nearby quarries that the Hamlin children would find. They referred to it as the Snyder Museum of Natural History.

In 1922, the Hamlin Estate was sold to the Park School of Buffalo, a private school founded in Buffalo in 1912. When the school moved to Harlem Road, the grounds were described as:

“large barns in prefect repairs, carriage sheds, and a farmhouse. There were great apple orchard, large trees, fields of grain and a tiny brook winding its way down to two enchanting ponds. Best of all, at the entrance of the estate, a very old, stone house banked with lilacs and forsythias, having in it gardens, flowers and herbs which might have been growing there for a century.”

The Hamlin’s home was converted into the main classroom building at Park School, now called Hamlin Hall.

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Hamlin House in Snyder. Now Hamlin Hall at Park School.  Source:  Image of America:  Amherst by Joseph Grande.

Chauncey Hamlin would later say that “the little stone house contributed concretely” in his interest in the Buffalo Museum of Science.  Chauncey Hamlin became President of the Museum of Science in 1920. At the time, the Society of Natural Sciences had no permanent building of its own. Some of its collection was housed in a building near the art gallery at the corner of Elmwood Avenue and Penhurst Place, but the major collections were located in borrowed space in the Buffalo Public Library on Lafayette Square.

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Hamlin Hall at the Buffalo Science Museum. Source: Friend of Author

Chauncey Hamlin led a campaign to raise funds to build a permanent building in Humboldt Park (now MLK Park). The Buffalo Museum of Science opened in January 1929. Mr. Hamlin continued on as President until 1948. He worked with other families to finance the creation of and upkeep of exhibits in the halls of the museum including the Schoellkopf, Lark, Knox, Kellogg, Goodyear and Bennett families. Chauncey Hamlin contributed over $241,277 (about $4 Million in today’s dollars) to the museum funds. He served on the American Association of Museums as President. He helped to found the International Council of Museums in 1948 and headed the organization for the first five years of its existence.

Chauncey Hamlin also served as the first President of the Buffalo City Planning Association. He led the site selection committee for the new City Hall, which selected the west side of Niagara Square for the site of the building.  From 1925 to 1947, he was Chairman of the Niagara Frontier Planning Board. While on the Board, he pushed for construction of the Grand Island Bridges and other parkways in Buffalo. He was awarded the Chancellor’s Medal of the University of Buffalo in 1931 and an honorary Doctor of Laws degree from Alfred University in 1954.

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Actor Harry Hamlin, Great Great Grandson of Cicero Hamlin.  Source:  @harryrhamlin Instagram

Chauncey died on September 23, 1963 in Carmel, California.   He is buried in Forest Lawn.

Chauncey’s son, Chauncey Hamlin Jr. was born in March 1905. Chauncey Jr’s son, Harry R Hamlin, was born in 1951. You might recognize this Harry Hamlin as an actor. Harry was People Magazine’s Sexiest Man Alive in 1987.  (Disclaimer:  I am watching Harry in my favorite tv show, Veronica Mars, as I write this.)  Harry is the Great Great Grandson of Cicero Hamlin who the street and neighborhood are named after!

So the next time you drive through Hamlin Park in Buffalo, go to Hamlin Park in East Aurora, stop at the Science Museum, or watch a moving starring Harry Hamlin, think of the Hamlin family.  Want to learn about other streets? Check out the Street Index. Don’t forget to subscribe to the page to be notified when new posts are made. You can do so by entering your email address in the box on the upper right-hand side of the home page. You can also follow the blog on facebook. If you enjoy the blog, please be sure to share it with your friends.

Sources:

  • Askew, Alice.  “Racing Day Marks Era of the Horse.”
  • Keller, Ed.  “Cicero J. Hamlin Village Farm Among Trotting’s Greatest.”  The Harness Horse.  P 50.
  • “Village Farm.”  Pictorial and Historical Review East Aurora and Vicinity.  1940.
  • Fink, Margaret Reid, editor.  “Chauncey Jerome Hamlin”.  Science on the March.  Volume 44, No 2.  December 1963, p1.
  • NYS Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation.  Building Structure Inventory Form.  The John Schenck House.
  • “C.J. Hamlin Dead”.  The Buffalo Commercial.  February 20, 1905.  p11.
  • Kwiatkowski, Jane and Paula Voell.  “Buffalo’ 20th Century Club: The Far-Sighted Men and Women Who Shaped Our Past and Set a Course for the Future”.  Buffalo News.  November 28, 1999.

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lyth

Lyth Avenue on the left, Harwood Place on the right.

Today we are going to talk about two streets on the East Side. Lyth Avenue runs between Purdy Street and Jefferson Avenue in the Cold Spring neighborhood of Buffalo. Harwood Place runs a short distance off, across Jefferson Avenue, near Lyth Ave. Harwood Place is a dead-end street, though historically, it ran through to Lonsdale Road at times. The road was initially a driveway leading to the stables of the Lyth homes at Northland and Jefferson. The horses for the Lyth Tile Company were housed there. The street was deeded to the city around 1886. The family also built two houses and a place of business on the street.

john lyth 3John Lyth was born in Stockton-Upon-Tees in England in September 1820. Mary Ann Harwood Lyth was born in England in 1817. At age 13, Mr. Lyth learned the trade of earthenware manufacturer. John and Mary Ann were married in 1843. They had three children while living in England – Alfred, John, and Mary. They emigrated to Buffalo in 1850 and had two more children – William and Francis- born here in Buffalo.
In Buffalo, John Lyth worked for P.A. Balcom, a local brickmaker. He later worked with W. H. Glenny in the crockery business. In 1851, Mr. Lyth’s brother, Francis, invented and introduced the hollow tile arch in York, England. In 1857, Mr. Lyth purchased a plot of land nearly a half-mile square and began to manufacture farm drain-tile. In his first year, he only sold $50 worth of tile. Then, in 1864, he went into business with Mr. Balcom, a partnership that lasted for ten years. They manufactured salt-glazed, citrified sewer pipe and terra cotta goods. Their factory was located at 83 -163 Puffer Street (now Northland Avenue), between Purdy and Jefferson. Lyth Avenue was a driveway to the factory.

lyth works

Lyth Factory. Source: Buffaloah.com

The Lyth family were pioneer residents in the Northland section of the city. Northland Avenue at the time was known as Puffer Street. John Lyth chose the location for the factory because of the abundance of clay in the soil. This clay was the best type for making tiles. The Lyth factory was a landmark of the early neighborhood.

The Lyth home was located at 169 Puffer Street. The house was considered suburban when it was built. In later years, family members would say that they were so far out of town they couldn’t even get a doctor to come, except in gravest illnesses. The large house was surrounded by extensive lawns, gardens, and orchards. The family had a cow, chickens, and vegetable gardens to provide for the family. Mary Ann was devoted to her family. Twice, she refused to return to England on trips b/c she did not want to leave her children.

In 1871, the Great Chicago Fire happened. The demand in construction for fireproof hollow tile and bricks for construction leapt after the fire. In the 80s and 90s, the Lyth Tile Company was the largest of its kind in the country.

lyth grave

Lyth Family Plot in Forest Lawn

The Lyth Family were members of the Unitarian Church. They were strong advocates of temperance. John Lyth was a member of the Royal Templars of Temperance, serving as Supreme Treasurer of the Order. John Lyth died at his home at 169 Puffer Street in 1889. He is buried in Forest Lawn Cemetery.

Alfred Lyth was born in 1844. One of his earliest memories was traveling from New York to Buffalo along the Erie Canal when the family arrived here. In 1862, Alfred enlisted in the 100th Regiment, New York Volunteers. He served at Fort Sumter, Gloucester Point, the James River Expedition, and Drury’s Bluff. During his time in the regiment, he suffered from typhoid fever and was wounded in action three times. He was also captured by Confederates and held as a prisoner at Andersonville Prison for a year.  After the war, Alfred joined his father’s tile business with his brothers John and William. They formed the firm J. Lyth & Sons.

183 Northland Spree

183 Northland.  Source  Buffalo Spree.  

In 1872, the Lyth Mansion at 183 Puffer (now Northland) was built by Alfred Lyth. This house is sometimes listed as being lived in by John Lyth; however, city directory records show that John and Mary Ann lived at 169 Puffer. Son Albert and his wife Kate lived at 183 Puffer.

After his father’s death, Alfred headed the business. He also joined Company F of the 74th Regiment, National Guard, and attained the rank of Major. When the Grand Army of the Republic formed, Major Lyth became a prominent member. For 25 years, he attended every state and national GAR convention as a delegate. In 1897, when the GAR National Encampment was held in Buffalo, Major Lyth was Vice-Commander-In-Chief of the convention.

lyth tile angola

Postcard view of the Tile Works in Angola

In 1872, Major Lyth was Supervisor of the Seventh Ward, and in 1873, he was Chairman of the Board of Supervisors. In 1874, Lyth Avenue was opened and named in Major Lyth’s honor.  In the 1890s, the Lyth Tile Company plant moved to Angola, New York. By 1894, the former factory site was developed for residential purposes.

In 1897, residents of Puffer Street asked for the name to be changed to Northland Avenue. The residents felt that people were getting confused between Puffer Street and Tupper Street, and their mail was getting sent to Tupper Street. Picture the old-timey cursive handwritten envelopes, and it’s easy to imagine the confusion! The name change was granted by Common Council in May 1897 and signed by Mayor Jewett on May 23, 1897.

Alfred’s brother William Lyth inherited the house at 169 Northland after Mr. Lyth’s death. In her later years, mother Mary Ann lived with Alfred at 183 Northland. Sometime between 1916 and 1950, the house at 169 Northland was replaced with a retail store.

Major Alfred Lyth died in 1925 at age 81. Major Lyth’s son, Alfred Lyon Lyth, took over the business. Alfred Lyon had been involved in the industry from a young age. His father had insisted on teaching him all aspects of the company before he retired. Alfred Lyon had been known as the “champion quarterback of Western New York and was offered a scholarship to Syracuse University to play football. Times were hard, so his father convinced him to stay in Buffalo for one year to help with the business before entering college. Alfred Lyon became interested in the work and didn’t leave for college.

In 1922, Alfred Lyon Lyth opened Lyth Chevrolet at 1159 Jefferson Avenue, the first Chevrolet agency in Buffalo. He sold J. Lyth & Sons to Globe Plaster Company three years later. Alfred Lyon Lyth was elected as Erie County Supervisor for the 13th Ward in 1908, 1913 and 1927.

royster northland ave

Royster Family in front of 183 Northland Avenue, 1973.  Source:  Buffalo Courier Express.

Lyth Family members continued living at 183 Northland until the 1950s. From 1956 to 1958, Luke Easter lived in the house. Luke Easter was the first African American to play for the Buffalo Bisons in modern times. As a result, the house is often called “the Luke Easter House.” After Mr. Easter, the house was owned by Clifford Royster, who owned the house until 2002.  The house is within the Hamlin Park Historic District, established in the late 1990s.

Next time you drive by Lyth Ave or Harwood Place, think about the Lyth Family and remember a time when Northland was known as Puffer Street!  Want to learn about other streets? Check out the Street Index. Don’t forget to subscribe to the page to be notified when new posts are made. You can do so by entering your email address in the box on the upper right-hand side of the home page. You can also follow the blog on facebook. If you enjoy the blog, please be sure to share it with your friends.

PS.  I hope you are all having a lovely holiday season and have a very Happy New Year!

Sources:

  • Smith, H. Katherine.  “Harwood Place Memorial to Wife of Area Pioneer.” Buffalo Courier-Express.  December 21, 1941, p7.
  • “Mr. John Lyth”.  Buffalo Commercial.  April 28, 1889, p3.
  • “It is now Northland Avenue.”  Buffalo Courier.  May 23, 1897, p6.
  • “J. Lyh & Sons of Buffalo Coming Here.”  Evans Journal.  September 26, 1957, p4.
  • The Clay Worker, Volume 27-28.  National Brick Manufacturer’s Association of the United States of America:  T.A. Randall & Company, 1897.
  • Nyhuis, Philip.  “Finding Happiness in Hamlin Park.”  Buffalo Spree.  May 15, 2019.
  • Brady, Karen. “Bus Tour of City’s East Side Provides a Trip into the Past”. Buffalo News. August 17, 1992.
  • “Alfred Lyth Will Bequests Total $22,900.”  Buffalo Courier-Express.  May 15, 1953, p19.
  • “It’s Not All Blight”.  Buffalo Courier Express.  July 12, 1973, p18.
  • Smith, Katherine.  Lyth Avenue Honors Family Which Headed First US Tile Plant”.  Buffalo Courier-Express.  September 24, 1939, pL2.

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